| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Autonomous System (AS) | An AS is a connected group of one or more IP prefixes run by one or more network operators which has a single and clearly defined routing policy. (source: IETF) |
| Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) | Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a telecommunications standard defined by the American National Standards Institute and ITU-T (formerly CCITT) for digital transmission of multiple types of traffic, ATM was seen in the 1990s as a competitor to Ethernet and networks carrying IP traffic. (source: Wikipedia) |
| Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) | Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the protocol almost exclusively used in the Internet to exchange routing information between network domains. (source: IETF) |
| Content Delivery Network (CDN) | A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is an infrastructure of network elements, arranged for the efficient distribution and delivery of digital content. (source: IETF) |
| Ethernet | Ethernet is a family of wired computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). (source: Wikipedia) |
| Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) | Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a standard for data transmission in a local area network. It uses optical fiber as its standard underlying physical medium. (source: Wikipedia) |
| Internet Exchange Point (IXP) | An Internet Exchange Point is a physical location through which Internet infrastructure companies such as Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) connect with each other. (source: Wikipedia) |
| Internet Routing Registry (IRR) | The Internet Routing Registry (IRR) is a distributed set of databases that are individually operated by organizations such as NTT, RIPE NCC, Savvis, Level3, etc. (source: IRR) |
| Internet Service Provider (ISP) | An internet service provider (ISP) is a company that provides access to the internet. ISPs can provide this access through multiple means, including dial-up, DSL, cable, wireless and fiber-optic connections. A variety of companies serve as ISPs, including cable providers, mobile carriers, and telephone companies. (source: Verizon) |
| Internet Traffic | Internet Traffic refers to the flow of data across the Internet. Every time someone sends an email, browses a website, watches a video, or interacts with an online service, packets of data are sent across various networks to connect users with content, servers, and applications. (source: RTA) |
| Peering | Peering is a process by which two Internet networks connect and exchange traffic. |
| Photonic Cross-Connect (PXC) | This is a Layer 1 switch which allows for a quick swap of a connection between 2 ports by the use of mirrors inside of it. |
| Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) | The Resource Public Key Infrastructure is a public key infrastructure framework that is used more and more to secure the Internet’s routing infrastructure. It is commonly implemented aside the Border Gateway Protocol, to have an instrument to validate received routes. (source: RIPE) |
| Route servers | BGP route servers are commonly deployed by IXP operators to provide a simple and convenient means of interconnecting IXP participants with each other. A route server redistributes prefixes received from its BGP clients to other clients according to a pre-specified policy. (source: IETF) |
| Tier 1 transit provider | Tier 1 transit provider is an IP transit provider that can reach any network on the Internet without purchasing transit services. (source: Datatracker) |
| Wide Area Network (WAN) | A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that extends over a large geographic area. (source: Wikipedia) |
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